Half to edmond armant



.(No Model.)

B. SALOMON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HINGBS.

No; 263,969 "PatentedSept. 5, 1882.

"Ii" mm a fiiiilllll UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ETIENNE SALOMON, OF MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TOEDMOND ARMANI, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HINGES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 263,969, datedSeptember 5, 1882.

Application filed April 7, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ETIENNE SALOMON, of

the city of Montreal, in the district of Montreal and Province ofQuebec, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in the Manufacture of Hinges and Apparatus therefor; and Ido hereby declare that the ,following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same.

My invention relates more particularly to the manufacture of metal strapand T hinges, where the parts are alternately male and female inconfiguration and have their ends or projectionsbent round in the formof eyes, through which the pivot-pin is passed and riveted therein; butit must be understood that my machine is applicable to hinges of alldescriptions, with such slight modifications as would not depart in anyway from my invention.

It has for its object,first, to make the hinges more perfect and durableand at a less cost than those manufactured by thepresentmeaus; second,to prevent the great waste (which it is now impossible to avoid)produced by the breaking of the metal at those parts which are bent toform the eyes for the pin, and consequent loss of time and material;third, to make it possible for metal of an inferior or cheaper qualityto be used without detracting from the merits of the hinge, and, fourth,to lessen the time required to turn out the complete hinge.

Up to the present time it has been the custom to form the eyes of boththe male and female parts of the hinge by rolling each upon a mandrelseparately, after which they are fitted together and the pivot-pindriven through and riveted at either end. Should the pins therefore beof uneven diameter or crooked, as is very often the case, some of thehinges will be too tight and others too-loose. In the former case it isnecessary, as the eyes are forced open in driving the pin through, toput the hinge through another operation to remedy the defeet, while inthe latter instance a slack, imperfect, and necessarily weak hinge isproduced. Again, by the present inaccurate mode of manufacturing, whenthe hinge is formed it often happens that the joint isnot true and theends of the two straps do not come in a straightline with each other.This necessitates one part being hammered sidewise, which loosens thehinge and renders it otherwise unse'rviceable. Manyotherimperfectionsappear 5 5 in hinges manufactured by the known machines which it is notnecessary to describe; but my invention obviates every possible chanceof any but a perfect hinge being turned out, and performs the workrapidly in one operation.

I place my blanks in pairs (one male and one female) betweengripping-jaws, and put the pivotpin between their ends in position to be1 advance the blanks and pin thus connected farther out and away fromthe bearing, and a second stroke from the punch drives or bends sameback again against the concave edge of the division-plate, which thusforms an anvil and completes the hinge by folding the ends of both maleand female parts in the form of circular eyes around the pivot-pin,which can then be rivetedin place. a

For full comprehension of the invention reference must be had to theaccompanying draw,- ings, in which letters similar to those used in thefollowing description denote like parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view, partly in section, of a machine embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a side view of same; Fig. 3, a section takenthrough bed-plate on line X X, Fig. 1, looking toward rear of machine;Fig. 4, a plan View of gripping-jaws open; Fig. 5, a detail view ofclutch and device for throwing same in .and I out of gear; Figs. 6 and7, views, respectively, of strap and T- hinges; Fig. 8, a side View ofstrap-hinge finished; Fig. 9, a view of male and 5 female blanks; Fig.10, a side view of same, with half-turn made around pin; Figs. 11 and12, views of close-joint hinges made by modifying the machine.

. Upon the bed-plate A, toward the front end, .[00

are carried a pair of gripping-jaws, B B, constructed somewhat in theform of and opening and closing like scissors. These jaws slide back andforth upon the bed plate or in a groove therein, and are held inposition by a strap, 0, passing over same and bolted to the frame. Inthe upper part of this strap a slot, 0, is formed, in which the end of apin, 1), is held. This pin forms the pivot upon which the jaws open andclose, and its lower end slides in a groove, E, formed in the bed-plateA. The jaws B are preferably faced with steel pieces I) b, as shown .inFigs. 1 and 4, to holdthe blanks, and are of a shape to correspond withthe sizes and styles of hinges to be made, screws b I) being used tosecure them in place and allow them to be interchangeable. Small pins orsupports 1) b are also inserted through thejaws BB, near where each endof the blanks will come to support same. The distances apart, 85a, ofthese pins can be varied to suit different lengths and sizes of hinge.Centrally between these jaws B B a division or guide plate, F, isinserted, its lower side being preferably T- shaped and firmly securedto the bedplate A. This division-plate F is slightly thinner than thediameter of the pivot-pins used for the hinges, audits front edge ismade by preference slightly concave. The shorter arms B B of thegripping-jaws B B project on the opposite side of their pivot D, and totheir extreme ends are pivoted short links G G, the other ends of theselinks being pivoted to two cross heads or bars, H H, placed one abovethe other below the shorter arms B B of the gripping-jaws and about atright angles to the center line between the latter.

B B are stops cast on the jaws B B near their pivot-point. These areprovided with setscrews, as shown. The office of these stops is toprevent the jaws from being drawn back past the strap G, and theset-screws passing through same are to allow the distance of travel backand forth of the gripping-jaws to be adjusted so as to adapt them fordilferent lengths of hinges,

A forked push-lever, I, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is pivoted at t toand embraces the cross-bars H H, its other end being provided with a hubor eye, 1, which is slipped over a vertical spindle, K,and is heldsecurely thereon by a nut and washer, 7c. The lower endof this verticalspindle K is formed with a tongue or cross-head, K, which fits into agroove, K formed in the butt-end l of the operating-lever L, anadjusting-screw, being provided therefor, as shown, to provide fordifferent sizes of work. The bed-plate A of the machine at this end ispreferably of curved or circular form, and projects but slightly beyondwhere the butt of the operating-lever forms connection with thepush-lever I, a series of holes, 1 1, being made around the bed-platenear its outer edge, into any particular one of which a pin, Z, attachedto a small spring catch-lever, Z (which is afiixed to and operated bythe hand simultaneously with the lever L,) drops when it is desired tolock the said lever in any one position, for the purposes hereinafterdescribed. 2 is the end hole on one side, and 3 that at the ptherextremity of travel of the operatingex'er.

M M are convenient steadying devices, placed one at either side of thejaws B B for the purpose of oiferin g a yielding resistance to thelatter when opening and assisting them to close. These stcadying devicesmay not be found necessary; but I prefer to use some such means as thoseshown in Fig. 1. They are made up of a sleeve, m, inside which is placeda spiral spring, m. This springbears against the solid end of the sleeveon one side, and against a stop, m adjusted by a set-screw,m on theother. A roller, an, is placed at the outer end of the steadying deviceto bear against the side of the jaw B, and thus avoid friction. Thewhole device is carried in any suitable standard or hearing affixed tothe frame of the machine.

The above is a description of the mechanism for holding the hinge-blanksand feeding the same toward the punch or former, and I will now describethe construction of the said punch and the devices operating the same.

Power is communicated through a pulley, N, mounted on a short shaft, N,carried in bearings in the frame A. This shaft N also carries abalance-wheel, N and a spur, N', which intermeshes with a pinion, O,mounted on another shaft, O, carried in a similar manner to N andparallel thereto, but with another journal. A clutch, 0 with means, tobe hereinafter more particularly described, for throwing same in and outof gear, is used to regulate-i. 6., to start and stopthe movement orrevolution of the shaft 0, the same being mounted on said shaft, whichextends right across thebcd-plate A, and is provided at about the centerwith an eccentric or crank, 0 to which is attached a connecting-rod, P,joined to a cross-head, Q, secured to a sliding frame, Q, held in aguide-frame, Q bolted to the bed-plate A. The sliding frame Q, holds inits front end the punch or former B. This punch or former is preferablymade of hardened steel, and concave on its face, so as to give therequired form to the hinge. It is held in place in the head of thesliding frame Q by a bolt or set-screw, or any suitable means. The size.and configuration of the punch can be altered to suit the different workit has to accomplish.

I will now describe the means by which I operate the clutch 0 Thisclutch is supposed to be thrown out of gear with the pinion 0 when thecrank connecting-rod P, and punch It are drawn back, and is intended tobe thrown into gear just before each primary stroke of the punch ismade. This is accomplished by forming a cam-groove, 0, inthe collar 0,which forms the sliding part of the clutch, and against this collar andacollar, 0 on the shaft 0 bears a spiral spring, 0 surrounding saidshaft. The cam-groove 0 extends only about half-way round the collaro,and a pin, 8, carried and sliding up and down in a sleeve, S, whichhangs downward from the frame, fits into this groove 0, it being thrownout of same by means of a system of treadle-levers, T T, extendingunderneath the framing. These devices are shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. y

The operation of myinvention is as follows: In Fig. l the gripping-jawsB B are shown closed with the hinges between them; but to open thesejaws (to the position shown in Fig. 4) to remove said hinges whencomplete, and to insert fresh blanks, I raise the pin I from the hole inthe bed-plate,in which it is shown in Fig. 1, by depressing the springcatch-lever l' with the hand, and then move the operatinglever smartlyaroundto the left, and by releasing the spring catch-lever drop the pinl into the hole marked 2. This operation induces the push-lever I todraw upon the crossbars H and pivot t, and thus, through the links G G,close the arms B B together, and thus open the gripping-jaws B B. I theninsert a pair of blanks, Y Y, one male and one female, by resting sameupon the support-pins I) b and hold the pin (represented by Z in thedrawings) in place on a stop, or in suitable guides which may beattached to the bedplate, and then release the locking-pin from the hole2 and bring the lever back to the position shown in the drawings, againdropping the locking-pin. This closes the jaws B B and holds the samefirmly in place. When in this position, as shown in Fig. 1, thepivot-pin Z is held tightly between the ends of the two parts of thehinge, although the same are not close up against the division-plate F,from the fact, as already mentioned, that the pin is thicker than thisdivision-plate. By depressing the treadle T the pin S is released fromthe camgroove 0 in the clutch. and the latter is then forced by thespring o 'into gear with the pinion O. Theshaft O is thus set in motionand the crank 0 through the connecting-rod P and sliding frame Q, forcesthe punch R smartly against the projecting ends of the blanks and givesthem the half-turn around the pivot-pin Z, as shown in Fig. 10. By thecontinued revolution of the shalt O the punch recedes, and before itagain advances (without stopping the machinery) I move theoperating-lever L sharply around to the right and drop the locking-pin 1into the hole marked 3. This has the effect of forcing the gripping-jawsB and the partly-formed hinges and pin held therein still fartherforward, away from the divisionplate F, the pivot-pin D of thejawssliding in the slot 0, formed in the strap 0. On the next stroke of thepunch B the ends of the blanks are turned completely around the pin Z,which is also forced back against the end of the division-plate F, andwith the assistance of the latter the hinge is completed. I then releasethe treadle T, which allows the pin S to fly upward and again enter thecam-groove 0 on the clutch, and by this groove working around on saidpin to that side which is farthest from the clutch 0 said clutch isthrown out and the shaft 0 ceases to revolve and the punch stopsoperating. The operating-lever is then moved around and locked in thehole 2 and the finished hinge removed. Fresh blanks can then be insertedand the operation repeated.

In making butt or close-folding hinges I may form a cavity or mold atthe front ends of the gripping-jaws, and by means of a suitable formerattached to the sliding frame Q strike the blank into the form shown inFig. 11'; or this work may be done by a separate machine, if desired,after which a pair of these blanks, arranged as shown, with the pinbetween their ends, may be put between the jaws and the operationcompleted, as already described, by one blow of the punch. Fig. 12 showssuch a hinge complete.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is as follows:

1. The process of forming hinges by inclosing the blanks and the pinwithin grippingjaws, and in forcing the blanks around the pin by meansof a former, substantially as described.

2. The process of making hinges, consisting in first inclosing theblanks and pivot-pin between gripping-jaws, bending the said blankspartly around the-pin by means of a former, moving the gripping-jaws andpartly-formed hinge forward, and finishing the hinge by the succeedingblow of the former against a con- :00 cave anvil.

3. In a machine for making hinges, the gripping-jaws B B, having betweenthem the division or guide plate F, in combination with means foropening, closing, and sliding said 105 jaws forward and backward,substantially as and for the purpose described.

4.. Amachine for making hinges, consisting of a pair of gripping-jawsadapted to receive and hold the blanks, a horizontally-movable 11oformer, a concave anvil, and a lever for moving the gripping-jaws andblanks toward and retracting them from the former, the parts beingconstructed and arranged to operate substantially as described andshown.

5. The combination of the gear-wheel 0, having the clutch-sleeve 0 themovable clutchsleeve 0, the cam-groove on said sleeve 0, the pin 8,sliding in the sleeve S, and adapted to enter said groove, and thetreadle, substan- [2o tially as described.

ETIENNE SALOMON.

Witnesses R. A. KELLoNn, F. G. MOREY.

